Genetics: Psoriasis tends to run in families, indicating that genetics plays a role in the development of the condition. Researchers have identified several genes that may be involved in the development of psoriasis, including genes that control the immune system and genes that regulate the growth and maturation of skin cells.
Environmental Triggers: Environmental factors can also trigger psoriasis or exacerbate existing symptoms. Common triggers include stress, infections (such as strep throat), skin injuries, and certain medications (such as lithium, beta-blockers, and antimalarial drugs).
Immune System Dysfunction: Psoriasis is considered an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the body. In the case of psoriasis, the immune system attacks skin cells, causing them to grow and mature too quickly. This leads to the formation of thick, scaly patches on the skin.
Other factors that may contribute to the development of psoriasis include obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. These factors are thought to contribute to inflammation in the body, which can trigger or exacerbate psoriasis symptoms.